Titanium Grade Reference
The ten grades that cover almost every machined titanium part, cross-referenced across ASTM, UNS, Werkstoff and JIS. Free, no signup, and honest about what we could not verify.
Cross-reference
| Grade | Common name | UNS | W.Nr | JIS | Nominal composition | Min tensile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | CP titanium, low oxygen | R50250 | 3.7025 | Class 1 | Unalloyed titanium, lowest oxygen | 240 MPa |
| Grade 2 | CP titanium, standard oxygen | R50400 | 3.7035 | Class 2 | Unalloyed titanium, standard oxygen | 345 MPa |
| Grade 3 | CP titanium, medium oxygen | R50550 | 3.7055 | Class 3 | Unalloyed titanium, medium oxygen | 450 MPa |
| Grade 4 | CP titanium, high oxygen | R50700 | not verified | not verified | Unalloyed titanium, highest oxygen | 550 MPa |
| Grade 5 | Ti-6Al-4V | R56400 | 3.7165 | not verified | Ti, 6% Al, 4% V | 895 MPa |
| Grade 7 | Ti-0.15Pd | R52400 | 3.7235 | not verified | Grade 2 base plus 0.12 to 0.25% palladium | 345 MPa |
| Grade 9 | Ti-3Al-2.5V | R56320 | 3.7195 | not verified | Ti, 3% Al, 2.5% V | 620 MPa |
| Grade 11 | Ti-0.15Pd, Grade 1 base | R52250 | not verified | not verified | Grade 1 base plus 0.12 to 0.25% palladium | 240 MPa |
| Grade 12 | Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni | R53400 | 3.7105 | not verified | Ti, 0.3% Mo, 0.8% Ni | 483 MPa |
| Grade 23 | Ti-6Al-4V ELI | R56407, or R56401 to ASTM F136 | 3.7165 | not verified | Ti, 6% Al, 4% V, extra low interstitial | 860 MPa |
Minimum tensile is the specification minimum for bar, not what your heat will test at. A mill certificate normally reads higher.
What each grade is for
| Grade | Use it for | How it machines | Stock |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | The most formable grade. Deep drawn parts, explosive cladding, anodes, heat exchanger plate. | Softest and gummiest of the family. Wants very sharp tools and a steady feed or it smears. | Sometimes stocked |
| Grade 2 | The workhorse. Chemical plant, marine hardware, heat exchangers, valve parts, general corrosion service. | The easiest titanium to cut. Gummy rather than hard. Runs at roughly 80 m/min with carbide. | Common |
| Grade 3 | Pressure vessel work where Grade 2 is not quite strong enough. Uncommon as a machined part. | Between Grade 2 and Grade 4. Less gummy than Grade 2. | Usually a mill order |
| Grade 4 | Strongest commercially pure grade. Dental implants, surgical hardware, high strength fittings that still need CP corrosion behaviour. | Harder and less gummy than Grade 2, still far easier than Grade 5. | Sometimes stocked |
| Grade 5 | The default structural titanium and roughly half of all titanium used anywhere. Aerospace fittings, motorsport parts, instruments, consumer hardware. | Around half the surface speed of Grade 2, roughly 50 m/min with carbide, and hard on tools. Most titanium quotes are for this grade. | Common |
| Grade 7 | Best crevice corrosion resistance in hot reducing acids. Chemical plant internals where Grade 2 pits. | Machines much like Grade 2. The bar is expensive and the lead time is the real constraint. | Usually a mill order |
| Grade 9 | Strength between Grade 2 and Grade 5, and cold formable. Mostly supplied as tube: bicycle frames, aircraft hydraulic lines, sports equipment. | Easier than Grade 5, harder than Grade 2. Confirm the stock form early, because most Grade 9 is tube. | Sometimes stocked |
| Grade 11 | The Grade 7 chemistry on a more formable base. Used where the part is formed as well as corrosion exposed. | As Grade 1. Very gummy, wants sharp tools. | Usually a mill order |
| Grade 12 | Most of the crevice corrosion benefit of Grade 7 at a lower price. Chemical plant and heat exchanger parts in hot chloride. | Machines much like Grade 2, slightly stronger. | Usually a mill order |
| Grade 23 | The implant grade. Load bearing implants to ASTM F136 or ISO 5832-3, plus cryogenic and subsea parts that need fracture toughness. | Identical to Grade 5 on the machine. The difference is segregation, traceability and the certificate. | Sometimes stocked |
Nothing matches that. Clear the search, or ask us on an RFQ.
Which standard to name on the drawing
The grade alone is not enough. The standard decides what the mill had to test and what the certificate says, and the two are not the same thing.
| Standard | Product form | Note |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM B348 | Bar and billet | The normal call for machined parts. |
| ASTM B265 | Plate, sheet and strip | Flat parts, brackets, covers. |
| ASTM B338 | Tube for heat exchangers | Seamless and welded. |
| ASTM B861 | Seamless pipe | Process piping. |
| ASTM B381 | Forgings | Near net shapes on repeating parts. |
| ASTM F136 | Grade 23 bar and wire | Surgical implants. Not interchangeable with B348. |
| ASTM F67 | CP grades for implants | Dental and surgical CP titanium. |
| ISO 5832-3 | Ti-6Al-4V for implants | The international equivalent of F136. |
| AMS 4928 | Grade 5 bar, aerospace | Tighter than B348. A different stock pool. |
| AMS 4911 | Grade 5 sheet and plate, aerospace | Aerospace flat product. |
| EN 10204 3.1 | Certification, not material | The mill test certificate type to ask for. |
Where this table comes from
A reference table is only worth the sourcing behind it, so here is ours.
- DesignationsUNS numbers, Werkstoff numbers and JIS classes were cross-checked against published grade cross-reference tables in September 2026.
- Strength figuresSpecification minimums from the ASTM bar standards. Not typical values and not what your heat will test at.
- Machining notesCarbide surface speeds are starting ranges from tool supplier titanium data, not promises. Your shop sets its own.
- BlanksA cell marked not verified means we could not confirm one standardised designation from a published source. It does not mean none exists. We will not guess to fill a table.
- What governsThe mill certificate for your heat, every time. Use this page to ask better questions, not to accept material.
Grade questions we get
Something not covered? Email and the answer goes on this page.
What is the difference between Grade 2 and Grade 5 titanium?
Grade 2 is commercially pure titanium, specified from around 345 MPa minimum tensile strength, and it is chosen for corrosion resistance. Grade 5 is the Ti-6Al-4V alloy at around 895 MPa minimum, chosen for load. Grade 5 cuts at roughly half the surface speed and costs more as bar.
What is the UNS number for Ti-6Al-4V?
R56400 for standard Grade 5. The extra low interstitial version, Grade 23, is R56407 in the ASTM B series and R56401 when supplied to ASTM F136 for surgical implants.
Are Grade 5 and Grade 23 interchangeable?
No, in either direction. Grade 23 caps oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and iron more tightly, which is why it is the implant grade. A shop that offers to substitute one for the other on a specified part is telling you something about its process control.
Which standard should my drawing reference?
For machined bar in Grade 5, ASTM B348 is the usual call, with AMS 4928 where aerospace paperwork applies. Plate is ASTM B265, implants are ASTM F136 or ISO 5832-3. Name the standard, because a shop buying to the wrong one delivers the wrong certificate.
Why do some cells in your table say nothing?
Because we could not verify a single standardised designation for that cell from a published source. A blank means unverified, not nonexistent. We would rather show a gap than a guess, and the mill certificate for your heat governs in every case.
Not sure which grade your part needs?
Describe the service conditions on the RFQ instead of naming a grade. Temperature, what it touches, what load it carries. A shop that cuts titanium every week will tell you which grade it would quote, and it is often cheaper than the one you had in mind.